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—、书信写作要求

书信(Letter)一般可分为事务信件或公函(Business Letter or Offical Correspondence)以及私人信件

(Private Letter)两大类。一般包括以下几个要点：

1） 收信人的姓名和地址；

2） 寄信人的姓名及其与收信人的关系；

3） 寄信人的地址（有时可以省略）；

4） 写信的时间；

5） 信的内容。

1. 书信的格式

1） 信头(Heading)；

2） 称呼(Salutation)；

3） 正文(Body of the letter)；

4） 结束语(Complimentary close)；

5） 签名(signature)。

2. 书信的种类

1） 邀请信

邀请信有正式和非正式之分，也有介于两者之间者。正式邀请信一般属于公函类，私人邀请信一般属于非正式文体。邀请朋友、熟人参加某一聚会时，再词句上不一定多加斟酌，用词太正规倒显得关系不密切。但是如果与被邀请人不太熟悉的话，最好用正式文体。如虽认识但并不十分了解，文体可介于两个者之间。由此可见，私人邀请究竟用什么文体，关键看与被邀请人之间的亲疏的程度。邀请信要明确写出活动（是晚会、晚餐还是一般的聚会等）、活动的时间地点组织这项活动的理由，有时还应告诉对方可能出席的人，另外一般希望对方给予答复。

（1） 非正式邀请信，如；

26 Coventry St.

London

Sept. 15th, 1999.

Dear Jack,

I am going to the cinema to see the Red River Valley and I have two tickets. Would you like to come? The film starts at 7:30 p.m. Maybe we can meet at the Covent Garden Station at 7:00 p.m. and have a drink before the film starts. Please phone me at home to let me know.

Looking forward to seeing you.

Love

Mary

这封信是写给朋友的，所以用语比较随便，比较口语化。

（2） 正式邀请信，如：

Dear Ms. Gupta;

It’s our great pleasure to announce that Jan. 19th is the 3rd anniversary1 of the founding of our corporation2. We have a small party as follows: 7:00p.m.,Jan. 19th, Room No.123, Kunlun Hotel. At this moment, we would like to express our sincere3 gratitude4 to our clients5 for both courtesy6 and support over the past three years. Please confirm7 if you plant to attend.

Yours Sincerely,

Lewis

这是一封正式邀请信，十分正规，无论从句式，还是用语都十分讲究。

(3) 介于正式和非正式之间的邀请信，如：

No.4 Middle School

Beijing 100034

April 29th,2000

Dear Miss Katherine,

I am very pleased to write to you. My name is Yu Hong and I am monitor of Class One, Grade Three of the No.2 Middle School of Ji'nan. Last year, you came here to give a speech, which was "Fast Reading". My classmates and I all thank you very much. We will have an English evening at 7:00--9:00 on the evening of May 4th in our classroom. Would you please come and attend the evening party? At the party, we will sing English songs, play games and so on. And we are anxious to invite you to come to sing us an English song. After that we can enjoy the music. We hope to see you soon.

Yours

Yu Hong

这封信是写给一位外籍教师的，这位外籍教师曾经到过这所学校，虽然作者认识，但并不十分了解。

2）感谢信

感谢信可分为感谢馈赠、感谢款待、感谢帮助、感谢送行和感谢探病等。

感谢信一般包括以下几点：

①对收信人的称谓；

②写信的目的；（Thank you for…）

③致谢并详述所收到的礼物或得到的帮助等；

④结尾及谦称。

如：

Dear Ms. Gupta:

How regretful I must leave you house. Thank you for the many good things you provided8. The chess game, tennis match and Mr. Gupta's delicious dishes gave me lots of enjoyment9. If you came to Beijing for any reason, please come to my family. The kids are looking forward to seeing Aunt Jean. I believe we will have a very happy time.

Yours Sincerely, Lewis

3)求职信

求职信属于公务信函，格式和用词比较规。信的内容大体上分为三部分

①写信的目的，

②自我介绍，

③要求。

注意下面几点：

①写信的目的要直截了当地在信的开头提出。

②自我介绍部分主要介绍自己的学历、工作经历、解决问题的能力等等。在行文、用词上要表现出自信、恳切的态度，语言简明扼要，突出介绍自己的优点，与众不同的特长或有利条件。还要紧扣用人单位的需求，巧用词语，有国地说服对方，此职非你莫属。

③最后提出进一步联系的途径，如：时间、地点。还可以主动提出接受面试或考核等。

④求职信在写作特点上主要用第一人称以及动词的一般现在时。如：

Ms Li Ling

P.O.Box 231

Beijing

July 10,1999

Dear sir(s),

I have just read in the newspaper that a secretary of the English language in wanted in your company. I am therefore writing to you to introduce myself. I'd like to get the job. I am a girl college student of 22 years old. My name is Li Ling. I am studying in the language department. I can speak, read and write English very well. As a second language, I can read and speak a little French. I have some work experience as a typist in my spare time at school, and as a tourist guide during summer holidays. The bosses I worked for were all satisfied10 with my work. I am sure I'll satisfy11 you as well. You can get more information about my studies and work from the college. I am looking forward to visiting your office at any time for a talk or a test.

Faithfully

Li Ling

3)回信

写回信时应特别注意正确理解写信人的意图、所提问题、必须对写信人的问题给予明确的答复。如下例：

No.1 Middle School of Nanjing,

Jiangsu, China

Jan.23rd, 2000

Dear Jack

Thanks for your letter. Yes, I have some difficulty12 in learning13 English. For example, I can't tell the difference between written English and spoken English. Sometimes I often make mistakes while speaking to others. I want to improve my spoken English. But I don't know how. Would you please give me some advice? As you say, it is really difficult to write toe Chinese characters, but don't worry about it. Have you considered doing plenty of practice? And I suggest you write them as much as possible. I think it will be of great help. I'm looking forward to hearing from you again.

Best wishes.

Yours

Li Ling

原信中作者问到英语学习的情况，同时征求学习汉语的建议并谈到自己在学习汉语的过程中遇到的问题。回信中作者对来信中的问题作了详细的回答并给出了建设性的建议。

1 anniversary Cw0zD

n.周年(纪念日)

参考例句：

They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。

Today is my parents'30th wedding anniversary.今天是我父母结婚30周年纪念日。

2 corporation Vozzl

n.公司，企业&n.社团，团体

参考例句：

The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation. 这家公司已经和瑞士银行公司建立合作关系。

The inflation did the corporation up. 通货膨胀使这个公司破产了。

3 sincere 5yQwX

adj.真诚的，诚挚的，诚恳的

参考例句：

He is sincere and easy to get along with.他为人诚恳，很好相处。

His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

4 gratitude p6wyS

adj.感激，感谢

参考例句：

I have expressed the depth of my gratitude to him.我向他表示了深切的谢意。

She could not help her tears of gratitude rolling down her face.她感激的泪珠禁不住沿着面颊流了下来。

5 clients fac04ca68a48af91f0290001604a2463

n.顾客( client的名词复数 )；当事人；诉讼委托人；[计算机]客户端

参考例句：

a lawyer with many famous clients 拥有许多著名委托人的律师

She understood the importance of establishing a close rapport with clients. 她懂得与客户建立密切和谐的关系的重要性。

6 courtesy 7a3y7

n.谦恭有礼，礼貌的举止，好意，恩惠

参考例句：

She called on us merely for the sake of courtesy.她来访只是为了礼貌。

After a few words of courtesy,they got down to business.双方客气了一番，就开始谈正事。

7 confirm 6YDya

vt.证实；确认；v.确认

参考例句：

I'll call you back to confirm.我会给你回电话确认的。

I need to confirm my reservation on the next flight.我要确认我预订的下一个航班。

8 provided PkNzng

conj.假如，若是；adj.预备好的，由...供给的

参考例句：

Provided it's fine we will have a pleasant holiday.如果天气良好，我们的假日将过得非常愉快。

I will come provided that it's not raining tomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我就来。

9 enjoyment opaxV

n.乐趣；享有；享用

参考例句：

Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同，我们这次访问更加愉快了。

After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话，这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。

10 satisfied YjLzFT

adj.满意的，满足的；清偿过的；确信的，毫无疑问的v.使满意( satisfy的过去式和过去分词)

参考例句：

She's never satisfied with what she's got. 她对自己的所得从不感到满足。

He had a self-satisfied smirk on his face. 他脸上挂着得意扬扬的笑容。

11 satisfy 8Y0xT

v.满意；满足

参考例句：

Her father tried his best to satisfy her demands.她的父亲想尽一切办法来满足她的要求。

She is too poor to satisfy her family's material needs.她太穷了，无法满足家人的物质需要。

12 difficulty pvUxW

n.困难，费劲；难事，难题；麻烦，困境

参考例句：

If there is any difficulty,please let us know promptly.倘有困难，请迅速通知我们。

A little difficulty like this is nothing to us.这点困难算不了什么。

13 learning wpSzFe

n.学问，学识，学习；动词learn的现在分词

参考例句：

When you are learning to ride a bicycle,you often fall off.初学骑自行车时，常会从车上掉下来。

Learning languages isn't just a matter of remembering words.学习语言不仅仅是记些单词的事。

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